Life-Saving Information

Naloxone (Narcan): The Overdose Reversal Drug

Naloxone saves lives by rapidly reversing opioid overdoses. Learn how it works, how to use it, and where to get it free in New York.

Published: November 25, 2025
Last Edited: December 15, 2025
8 min read
BZ

Written by

Benjamin Zohar, NCACIP

Nationally Certified Advanced Clinical Intervention Professional

BM

Medically Reviewed by

Brandon McNally, RN

Registered Nurse specializing in addiction medicine

Published: November 25, 2025
Last edited: December 15, 2025

Key Takeaways

  • Naloxone reverses opioid overdoses within 2-5 minutes by blocking opioid receptors
  • It's safe to use even if you're unsure whether the overdose involves opioids
  • Multiple doses may be needed for fentanyl overdoses
  • Free naloxone is available throughout New York without a prescription

What Is Naloxone?

Naloxone (brand name Narcan) is a medication that rapidly reverses the effects of opioid overdose. It works on all opioids, including heroin,fentanyl, oxycodone, hydrocodone, and other prescription and illicit opioids.

Naloxone has been used in emergency medicine since 1971 and has saved countless lives. Today, it's available in easy-to-use nasal spray and injectable forms that anyone can administer—no medical training required.

The medication is an "opioid antagonist," meaning it binds to opioid receptors in the brain without activating them. By occupying these receptors, it blocks opioids and reverses their dangerous effects, particularly respiratory depression (slowed or stopped breathing).

Recognizing an Opioid Overdose

Knowing the signs of opioid overdose can save a life. Look for these warning signs:

Signs of Overdose

  • • Unconscious or unresponsive
  • • Slow, shallow, or stopped breathing
  • • Choking or gurgling sounds
  • • Blue/purple lips or fingertips
  • • Pinpoint pupils
  • • Pale, clammy skin
  • • Limp body

What to Do

  1. Call 911 immediately
  2. Administer naloxone if available
  3. Try to wake the person (sternal rub)
  4. Begin rescue breathing if needed
  5. Place in recovery position
  6. Stay until help arrives
  7. Give second dose after 2-3 min if no response

Forms of Naloxone

FormBrand NamesHow to UseNotes
Nasal SprayNarcan, KloxxadoSpray into one nostrilEasiest to use, no assembly
Auto-injectorEvzioPress against thigh, auto-injectsVoice instructions guide you
InjectableGeneric naloxoneDraw into syringe, inject into muscleRequires some training

Where to Get Free Naloxone in New York

In New York State, naloxone is available without a prescription. Here's where you can get it:

Pharmacies

Most pharmacies carry naloxone and can dispense it without a prescription. Some offer it free; otherwise, most insurance covers it.

Harm Reduction Programs

Local harm reduction organizations provide free naloxone and training. Check with your county health department for locations.

Community Health Centers

Federally Qualified Health Centers often provide free naloxone to community members regardless of patient status.

Our Free Supplies Program

Get free Narcan and other harm reduction supplies for NY residents through our partner organizations.

Learn more →

New York's Good Samaritan Law

New York's Good Samaritan Law protects people who call 911 or administer naloxone during an overdose emergency. Under this law:

  • You cannot be arrested for drug possession if you call 911 for an overdose
  • You cannot be prosecuted for administering naloxone to someone overdosing
  • The person experiencing the overdose is also protected from arrest

Don't let fear of legal consequences stop you from saving a life. The law is designed to encourage people to seek help during overdose emergencies.

Frequently Asked Questions

Get answers to common questions about our 24/7 crisis helpline and addiction support services.

Still have questions? Our crisis counselors are available 24/7.

Call 631-762-3763

Medical References & Sources

This page contains information sourced from peer-reviewed medical literature, federal health agencies, and accredited medical institutions to ensure accuracy and compliance with E-E-A-T (Experience, Expertise, Authoritativeness, and Trustworthiness) standards.

  1. SAMHSA. "Naloxone. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration..". Available at: https://www.samhsa.gov/medications-substance-use-disorders/medications-counseling-related-conditions/naloxone
  2. CDC. "Naloxone: The Opioid Reversal Drug that Saves Lives..". Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/stopoverdose/naloxone/index.html
  3. National Institute on Drug Abuse. "Naloxone DrugFacts..". Available at: https://nida.nih.gov/publications/drugfacts/naloxone
  4. NY OASAS. "Naloxone and Overdose Prevention..". Available at: https://oasas.ny.gov/naloxone

Medical Disclaimer

The information provided on this page is for educational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. This page does not provide medical diagnoses, treatment prescriptions, or clinical recommendations. Always consult with qualified healthcare professionals for diagnosis and treatment of substance use disorders. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call 911 immediately.

This content was written by certified addiction professionals and reviewed by licensed medical practitioners to ensure accuracy and adherence to current clinical guidelines. Last fact-checked: July 11, 2026.

If you or someone you know is struggling with substance use, you can reach our 24/7 confidential Long Island Rehab Helpline at 631-762-3763 for free, confidential information and treatment referral.

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